{"id":988,"date":"2016-01-20T07:44:30","date_gmt":"2016-01-20T06:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/?page_id=988"},"modified":"2016-01-20T07:44:30","modified_gmt":"2016-01-20T06:44:30","slug":"zgjedhje","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/zgjedhje\/","title":{"rendered":"Zgjedhje"},"content":{"rendered":"

RUMANIA – PARA REFORM\u00cbS S\u00cb SISTEMIT PENSIONAL<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00cb RADH\u00cb JAN\u00cb SHUM\u00cb PROBLEME<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebr ata shtete t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb ballafaquar me kriz\u00ebn pensionale dhe t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj duhet q\u00eb urgjentisht t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb di\u00e7ka, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Rumania. Ndoshta Rumun\u00ebt akoma do t\u00eb vazhdonin me t\u00eb vjetr\u00ebn, duke thelluar humner\u00ebn nd\u00ebrmjet asaj q\u00eb vjen n\u00eb fondet pensionale dhe ajo q\u00eb rrjedh nga ata, n\u00ebse edhe atje nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar FMN (Fondi monetar nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar) i cili p\u00ebrcakton sa dhe p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb shteti mund t\u00eb shpenzoj\u00eb, si avantazh\u00eb i saj dhe ardhm\u00ebris\u00eb kah FMN-ja.<\/p>\n

Rumania n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs financiare bot\u00ebrore nga Fondi monetar nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ka fituar nj\u00eb pako t\u00eb madhe financiare prej 19,95 miliard euro. Por, si dhe n\u00eb vendet tjera, ashtu edhe n\u00eb Rumani k\u00ebto mjete nuk arrijn\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb, por paguhen n\u00eb k\u00ebste, gjat\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs jo vet\u00ebm se kontrollohen p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb shpenzohen por edhe se sa pranuesi \u00ebsht\u00eb i disiplinuar \u2013 n\u00eb vendosjen e disiplin\u00ebs s\u00eb tij buxhetore. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, pagesa e k\u00ebstit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb prej 1,85 miliard euro \u00ebsht\u00eb kusht\u00ebzuar nga baraspesha e deficitit buxhetor, q\u00eb, nd\u00ebr tjerash, n\u00ebnkupton edhe p\u00ebrshtatje t\u00eb sistemit pensional t\u00eb realiteteve t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n

Sipas propozimit t\u00eb ligjit t\u00eb ri pensional i cili n\u00eb parlament hyn me procedur\u00eb urgjente (q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb amendamente parlamentare), kufiri i mosh\u00ebs p\u00ebr pensionim p\u00ebr meshkujt nga t\u00eb tanishmet 63 vjet kalon n\u00eb 65 vjet, derisa grat\u00eb, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb deri m\u00eb 58 vjet dhe 8 muaj, tani duhet t\u00eb punojn\u00eb derisa nuk mbushin 60 vjet (p\u00ebrndryshe n\u00eb praktik\u00eb, Rumun\u00ebt, edhe meshkujt edhe femrat, n\u00eb pensionin kan\u00eb shkuar n\u00eb mesatare me 54 vjet).<\/p>\n

Rritja e kufirit t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs do t\u00eb zbatohej deri n\u00eb vitin 2014, derisa n\u00eb afat m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb parapar\u00eb se edhe femrat, pas vitit 2030 do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb punojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 65 vjet. Sidoqoft\u00eb, sipas sistemit t\u00eb ri, tanim\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb as pensione speciale p\u00ebr pensionist\u00ebt e privilegjuar \u2013 ushtar\u00ebt, polic\u00ebt, gjyqtar\u00ebt, edhe deputet\u00ebt dhe diplomat\u00ebt deri m\u00eb tani n\u00eb pension kan\u00eb shkuar me 55 vjet, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen kufiri p\u00ebr ata do t\u00eb jet\u00eb 60vjet (p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, deri diku mbeten t\u00eb privilegjuar).<\/p>\n

Arsye p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb privilegj ishin edhe t\u00eb ashtuquajturat kushte speciale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre edhe at\u00eb deri m\u00eb tani dhe kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me rreth 300.000 persona t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb pranuar pag\u00eb nga buxheti shtet\u00ebror. Kjo kategori ka pasur edhe shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb kontributeve, q\u00eb, gjithashtu do t\u00eb ndryshohet: pas reform\u00ebs, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb nga bruto t\u00eb ardhurat p\u00ebr pensione do t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb nga 31,3 p\u00ebrqind. Indeksimi i pensioneve sipas sistemit t\u00eb ri do t\u00eb kryhet n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb parasysh do t\u00eb merret shkalla vjetore e inflacionit dhe vet\u00ebm 50 p\u00ebrqind nga rritja reale e pagave t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve aktiv.<\/p>\n

Qeveria para FMN-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb detyruar se k\u00ebto, si dhe ndryshimet e tjera do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb legalizuara deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb relativisht detyr\u00eb sht\u00ebpie e r\u00ebnd\u00eb, duke marr\u00eb parasysh mund\u00ebsit\u00eb delikate t\u00eb sfer\u00ebs politiko-ekonomike n\u00eb Rumuni.
\nIntervenimi i ri reformues n\u00eb sistemin pensional rumun n\u00ebnkupton bujari m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb fondeve pensionale ndaj atyre t\u00eb cil\u00ebt pensionohen para kohe, si invalid\u00eb apo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb arsyeje tjet\u00ebr. Gjithashtu, do t\u00eb vendoset edhe nj\u00eb shtyll\u00eb e re, m\u00eb e fort\u00eb, private e sistemit pensional, k\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb, me k\u00ebrkes\u00eb t\u00eb Fondit monetar nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar si i detyruar.<\/p>\n

Nga k\u00ebto masa dhe masa t\u00eb ngjashme, pritet kursim prej rreth 40 p\u00ebrqind nga deficiti i projektuar. Shteti rumun, p\u00ebrndryshe, posedon mjete p\u00ebr pages\u00eb t\u00eb rregullt t\u00eb pensioneve deri n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2011, pastaj, \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb… At\u00ebher\u00eb kur thuhet se shteti ka t\u00eb holla, kjo n\u00eb Rumuni don t\u00eb thot\u00eb se n\u00eb buxhet akoma \u00ebsht\u00eb e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb vlera p\u00ebr rreth 1,5 miliard euro, me \u00e7ka plot\u00ebsohet vrima e shkall\u00ebs p\u00ebr pages\u00ebn e pensioneve dhe obligimeve tjera sociale. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb pas vitit 2011, kjo as q\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet.<\/p>\n

GREQIA – DHE KRIZA EKONOMIKE<\/strong><\/p>\n

PENSIONE VET\u00cbM EDHE P\u00cbR K\u00cbT\u00cb VIT<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse ajo q\u00eb fqiu i \u00ebsht\u00eb s\u00ebmur\u00eb lopa \u00ebsht\u00eb ndonj\u00eb ngush\u00ebllim ( nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e civilizuar nuk do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb jet\u00eb), at\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb ngush\u00ebllohemi me at\u00eb q\u00eb Grek\u00ebt jan\u00eb ballafaquar me probleme t\u00eb cilat seriozisht jan\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar q\u00eb t\u2019u prishin jo vet\u00ebm imazhin por edhe pamjen e arritur n\u00eb dekadat e fundit si an\u00ebtare e vjet\u00ebr e Unionit evropian e cila mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si shembull i t\u00eb rinjve, apo i atyre t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Unionit evropian.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e dhjetorit jan\u00eb marramend\u00ebse dhe arrijn\u00eb vler\u00ebn prej 300 miliard euro sepse deficiti buxhetor \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb astronomike 12,7% nga bruto prodhimi nacional duke e tejkaluar kat\u00ebr fish limitin e lejuar t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb UE-s\u00eb, n\u00eb \u201ceurozon\u00ebn\u201d q\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb valut\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb e q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull m\u00eb i impresionuar n\u00eb integrimin e financuar n\u00eb Union.Situata \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar si kriz\u00eb debitore m\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb historin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, e cila, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb lajm\u00ebruar n\u00eb Athin\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb th\u00ebrret menj\u00ebher\u00eb ndihm\u00eb urgjente nga Fondi monetar nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, por Qeveria do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqet me reforma urgjente ta ndryshoj\u00eb gjendjen (dhe shprehin\u00eb) q\u00eb n\u00eb shtet m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb shpenzohet, sesa q\u00eb prodhohet.<\/p>\n

Kjo detyr\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb bie n\u00eb barr\u00eb t\u00eb Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb re t\u00eb Jorgos Papandreut, e cila n\u00eb zgjedhjet e parakohshme n\u00eb tetor t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar e ka nd\u00ebrmarrur udh\u00ebheqjen komb\u00ebtare. Socialist\u00ebt (PASOK) k\u00ebsaj here, megjithat\u00eb, do t\u00eb gjinden para provave m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se sa m\u00eb par\u00eb. S\u00eb pari, patjet\u00ebr duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrin masa jopopullore, n\u00eb rrethana kur n\u00eb vend tanim\u00eb qeveris kultura e toleranc\u00ebs s\u00eb ul\u00ebt s\u00eb ndryshimeve, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb protesta.Gjithsesi, nd\u00ebrmjet ndryshimeve t\u00eb cilat tanim\u00eb paraqiten \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe politikisht jo e popullarizuara, nd\u00ebrsa kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb \u2013 ndryshim i sistemit pensional.<\/p>\n

Shikuar anash, kjo n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb befasi sepse reforma paraprake n\u00eb Parlament \u00ebsht\u00eb miratuar prej m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb mars t\u00eb vitit 2008, ishte mund\u00ebsi gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse. At\u00ebher\u00eb, nj\u00ebqind fonde pensionale ishin t\u00eb riorganizuara dhe reduktuara n\u00eb vet\u00ebm 13, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonte reduktim t\u00eb shpenzimeve p\u00ebr administrimin e tyre, jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb shum\u00eb skema p\u00ebr pensionim t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm, vitet p\u00ebr shkuarje n\u00eb pension jan\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar n\u00eb 65 vjet p\u00ebr meshkuj dhe 60 vjet p\u00ebr femra…<\/p>\n

Sa p\u00ebr rikujtim, reforma e tanishme e miratuar nga shumica e ngusht\u00eb parlamentare, shkakton protesta t\u00eb ashp\u00ebrta t\u00eb sindikat\u00ebve dhe kund\u00ebrshtime t\u00eb PASOK. Papandreu at\u00ebher\u00eb, si lider i opozit\u00ebs n\u00ebnvizoi se \u201cQeveria ka vjedhur t\u00eb hollat e popullit\u201c, nd\u00ebrsa populli \u201cme p\u00ebrpjekje punoi p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e tyre pensionele, nd\u00ebrsa tani kjo n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dinake i merret\u201c. Papandreu tani \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb rol tjet\u00ebr dhe duhet ndryshe t\u00eb mendoj\u00eb, sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme q\u00eb pun\u00ebt n\u00eb sistemin pensional menj\u00ebher\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndryshohen, se sa para dy viteve. At\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb deklaruar se sistemi \u00ebsht\u00eb i pap\u00ebrmbajtur n\u00eb afat m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhe n\u00ebse nuk ndryshohet do t\u00eb bankrotoj\u00eb. Tani kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e qart\u00eb: n\u00ebse nuk i redukton obligimet e tija ndaj shfryt\u00ebzuesve nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, dhe nuk e zmadhon hyrjen e t\u00eb hollave nga ana tjet\u00ebr, sistemi do t\u00eb kollaboj\u00eb p\u00ebr 15 vjet.<\/p>\n

Ato 15 vite do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb konsideroheshin edhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme m\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebt, n\u00ebse nuk paraqitet deklarata sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs vendi deri n\u00eb fyt \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb borxh \u2013 dhe se shteti ka mjete aq sa pensionet t\u00eb paguhen vet\u00ebm edhe k\u00ebt\u00eb vit.Papandreu paralajm\u00ebroi se sistemi i ri pensional do t\u00eb l\u00ebshohet n\u00eb procedur\u00eb p\u00ebr miratim edhe n\u00eb mes t\u00eb vitit, do t\u00eb thot\u00eb p\u00ebr gjasht\u00eb muaj. Nuk dihet se \u00e7ka e gjith\u00eb kjo n\u00ebnkupton, por parashikohet se nd\u00ebrmjet masave t\u00eb reja do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb edhe reduktim t\u00eb m\u00ebtutjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb fondeve, k\u00ebsaj here nga 13 n\u00eb vet\u00ebm tre, barazim t\u00eb kufirit t\u00eb pleq\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr pushim t\u00eb pun\u00ebs aktive p\u00ebr meshkujt dhe p\u00ebr femrat (65 vjet) .<\/p>\n

N\u00eb sektorin pensional n\u00eb Greqi, jobarazpesh\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe ekziston nd\u00ebrmjet nevojave dhe mund\u00ebsive se pse p\u00ebr pages\u00eb t\u00eb pensioneve momentalisht shpenzohet pothuajse 12 p\u00ebrqind nga bruto prodhimi nacional.Qeveria ka masa t\u00eb reja q\u00eb t\u2019i zbatoj\u00eb, por mbetet t\u00eb shihet se si do t\u00eb jen\u00eb prej at\u00ebher\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb n\u00eb Greqi, t\u00eb cil\u00ebs i kanosen trazira sociale shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nga rebelimi i t\u00eb rinj\u00ebve i cili kishte ngjar\u00eb sakt\u00eb para nj\u00eb viti n\u00eb rrug\u00ebt e Athin\u00ebs dhe qytetet e tjera, kur shkas ishte vrasja e nj\u00eb t\u00eb riju nga ana e policis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa arsyet thelb\u00ebsore, gjegj\u00ebsish jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thella.<\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebrisht, edhe Greqia \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan, ku ballafaqohet me t\u00eb njohurin \u201csindrom ballkanik\u201c: \u00e7mimet jan\u00eb europiane, nd\u00ebrsa pagat lokale.Mbetet t\u00eb shihet se me cilin shkop magjik dhe me \u00e7far\u00eb akrobate politike Papandreu do t\u00eb ket\u00eb sukses t\u00eb reduktoj\u00eb numrin e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb sektorin shtet\u00ebror, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin sot punon \u00e7do i kat\u00ebrti i pun\u00ebsuar. Deri te kjo erdhi p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb trazirave sociale n\u00eb dekadat e fundit t\u00eb cilat paralajm\u00ebrojn\u00eb \u2013 shteti u b\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs m\u00eb i madh. Tanim\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb njoftuar se nj\u00ebra nga masat kryesore do t\u00eb jet\u00eb q\u00eb nga \u00e7do i pesti n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shtet\u00ebror i cili do t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb n\u00eb pension, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsohet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb i ri. Kjo n\u00eb shikim t\u00eb pare mund t\u00eb zgjidh\u00eb nj\u00eb problem, por do t\u00eb paraqes\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem: m\u00eb pak t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb pensionist\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Sido q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb, Greqia nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb me t\u00eb vjetr\u00ebn, edhe pse nj\u00eb koh\u00eb i shkoi mire. Pas Olimpiad\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 2004, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jan\u00eb shpenzuar shum\u00eb t\u00eb hola, fryma olimpike si t\u00eb zbriste edhe n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb: pas shp\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs ekonomike bot\u00ebrore e cila ishte nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhajat n\u00eb UE \u2013 mes kat\u00ebr dhe pes\u00eb p\u00ebrqind n\u00eb vit. Por, sipas s\u00eb gjithash duket sikur i ka mbuluar mang\u00ebsit\u00eb sistemike, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ekonomia informale e cila edhe sot arrin 30 p\u00ebrqind nga BNP, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton shmangje tatimore dhe korupcion permanent. Qart\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu si\u00e7 q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb pun\u00ebt, ky vit nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i leht\u00eb as p\u00ebr Papandreun, dhe as p\u00ebr Grek\u00ebt, nd\u00ebrsa posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pensionist\u00ebt grek t\u00eb tanish\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb ardh\u00ebsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

ASHP\u00cbRSOHEN KUSHTET P\u00cbR PENSIONIM N\u00cb M\u00cbM\u00cbDHE<\/strong><\/p>\n

SLLOVENIA: PERIUDH\u00cb PUNE AKTIVE M\u00cb T\u00cb GJAT\u00cb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Me urimet e rregullta p\u00ebr k\u00ebrsh\u00ebndella dhe vitin e ri, Slloven\u00ebt kan\u00eb fituar edhe nj\u00eb urim special, q\u00eb ua ka d\u00ebrguar qeveria e tyre: njoftim se gjat\u00eb vitit 2010 do t\u00eb definohet reform\u00eb e re e sistemit pensional. Slloven\u00ebt, megjithat\u00eb, nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb befasuar, sepse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb ata ishin njoftuar edhe shtatorin e kaluar. Por, nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb lumtur, sepse intervenimi i ri p\u00ebr at\u00eb se si do t\u00eb ndahen dhe valorizohen pensionet nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb dor\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00eb si ai i vjetri, i cili gjegj\u00ebsisht, edhe nuk ka zgjatur shum\u00eb. Ka hyr\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi n\u00eb vitin 1999.<\/p>\n

Sindikatat kan\u00eb paralajm\u00ebruar protesta, sepse nga ana tjet\u00ebr ashp\u00ebrsohen kushtet p\u00ebr pensionim. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje as takimi i K\u00ebshillit social t\u00eb atjesh\u00ebm (ku q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe sindikatat). T\u00eb par\u00ebt, kuptohet, kan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje argumente pse sistemi duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrrohet dhe pse nuk mund t\u00eb pritet m\u00eb shum\u00eb, pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit kan\u00eb konstatuar se propozimi qeveritar \u00ebsht\u00eb baz\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr diskutim t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm, nd\u00ebrsa sindikatat kan\u00eb qen\u00eb kund\u00ebr. Derisa me reform\u00ebn paraprake ka qen\u00eb e parapar\u00eb se vitet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrprerje t\u00eb stazhit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs jan\u00eb 63 p\u00ebr burrat dhe 61 p\u00ebr grat\u00eb (t\u00eb cil\u00ebt munden t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb pension edhe me 56 vite dhe kat\u00ebr muaj t\u00eb mbushur t\u00eb jet\u00ebs), sipas sistemit t\u00eb tyre kufiri p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u2013 65 vjet.<\/p>\n

Por, ndryshim ky\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb se ve\u00e7 m\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pensionim t\u00eb detyruar as me 65 vjet. Ata duan t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb, p\u00ebr at\u00eb edhe do t\u00eb stimulohen: pensioni do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb p\u00ebr dy p\u00ebrlind p\u00ebr \u00e7do vit ekstra. \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se me \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e motivuar kjo mas\u00eb. Edhe Sllovenia shpejt vjet\u00ebrsohet, andaj edhe me vazhdimin e periudh\u00ebs aktive t\u00eb pun\u00ebs e mbulon munges\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb dor\u00ebs, por edhe e redukton presionin ndaj fondeve, gjegj\u00ebsisht buxhetin shtet\u00ebror. Sindikatat protestojn\u00eb, duke konsideruar se me t\u00eb acarohet gjendja e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve. Duke u bazuar n\u00eb faktin se nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh sot i slloven\u00ebve aktiv p\u00ebr pun\u00eb kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb punojn\u00eb her\u00ebt, prandaj kushti i ri do t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb me at\u00eb q\u00eb shumica deri n\u00eb pension do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb punojn\u00eb deri 45 vjet. Ministria, arsyeton se gjeneratat e reja sot fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb punojn\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, prandaj me 65 vjet do ti ken\u00eb 40 vitet e zakonshme stazh.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpos bonusit t\u00eb n\u00ebnvizuar, hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi edhe gjoba. P\u00ebr \u00e7do muaj pensionim t\u00eb parakohsh\u00ebm (do t\u00eb thot\u00eb, para 65 viteve) pensioni do t\u00eb reduktohet p\u00ebr 0,3 p\u00ebr qind. Sistemi i ri, megjithat\u00eb, nuk do t\u00eb zbatohet nga momenti kur, pas t\u00eb gjitha konsultimeve, do t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb finalist n\u00eb kuvend. Parashihet se periudha e tranzicionit zgjat pes\u00eb vjet, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se veprimi i tij i plot\u00eb do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb zbatohet nga 1 janari i vitit 2015. Por edhe at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ri se 55 vjet. M\u00eb t\u00eb vjetrit do t\u00eb pensionohen edhe m\u00eb tej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr, por besohet se deri at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Caku i t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb \u2013 krijimi i nj\u00eb sistemi \u201ct\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm\u201d t\u00eb pensioneve. Gjat\u00eb vitit 2009 qeveria n\u00eb fondet pensionale \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb 125 milion euro. N\u00ebse asgj\u00eb nuk ndryshohet, ndarjet p\u00ebr pensione do t\u00eb arrinin 12 p\u00ebr qind nga bruto prodhimi vendor, me \u00e7ka \u201cSllovenia nuk mund t\u2019ia lejoj vetes \u201c. Sipas rang-list\u00ebs q\u00eb e ka p\u00ebrpiluar sht\u00ebpia konsulent\u00eb \u201cAlijanz global investors\u201d (AGI), Sllovenia, bashk\u00eb me Greqin\u00eb dhe Spanj\u00ebn, ka nj\u00eb nga sistemet m\u00eb t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. P\u00ebrndryshe, lista \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrpiluar n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb treguesve demografik, organizimi i sistemit aktual pensional dhe gjendjet n\u00eb financat publike.<\/p>\n

Sipas konstatimeve t\u00eb AGI, derisa Spanja ka \u201cshtyll\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb dor\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00eb\u201d, Greqia \u201cshtyll\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb shum\u00eb dor\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00eb\u201d, Sllovenia nuk ka sistem adekuat shum\u00eb shtyll\u00ebs. Praktikisht v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se reformat e vitit 1999 praktikisht nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme. Sistemi i ri N\u00eb Slloveni p\u00ebrndryshe, do t\u00eb kishte tri shtylla klasike dhe nj\u00eb speciale. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb mbushje e zakonshme e fondeve me kontributet e pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve dhe pagesat e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve, e dyta e n\u00ebnkupton t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn, por si \u201cPremium\u201d, gjegj\u00ebsisht plot\u00ebsuese, derisa n\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00ebn jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm llogarit\u00eb private, vullnetare dhe t\u00eb kursimeve.<\/p>\n

Shtylla e kat\u00ebrt nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e kat\u00ebrt, por \u201cnulti\u201d. Ajo \u00e7do slloveni i cili do t\u00eb mbush 65 vjet i siguron shtes\u00eb pensioni, q\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do moment nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i kualifikuar, por do t\u00eb duhej ti nd\u00ebrroj pensionet aktuale shtet\u00ebrore, t\u00eb cilat tani arrijn\u00eb 180 euro n\u00eb muaj. P\u00ebrkitazi me pagesat vullnetare, k\u00ebtu Sllovenia nuk q\u00ebndron edhe aq keq: pothuajse 47 p\u00ebr qind nga aktivitetet e pun\u00ebs paguajn\u00eb n\u00eb fondet pensionale, edhe p\u00ebrpos asaj q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndajn\u00eb pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit e tyre.<\/p>\n

Ndryshim paraqet edhe rritja e periudh\u00ebs llogarit\u00ebse p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin e shumave t\u00eb pensioneve. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb 18 viteve t\u00eb deritanishme, tani do t\u00eb merren n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat gjat\u00eb 35 viteve. Sindikatat k\u00ebt\u00eb e kontestojn\u00eb, sepse llogaria e tyre e v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se me t\u00eb se pensionet mesatarisht do t\u00eb reduktohen p\u00ebr 10 p\u00ebr qind. Sindikatat jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr barazis\u00eb s\u00eb pensioneve, barazimi i stazhit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb kusht pensional p\u00ebr burrat dhe grat\u00eb. P\u00ebrkitazi me revalorizimin e pensioneve, n\u00eb qarkullim \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cformula zvicerane\u201d: korrigjimet t\u00eb b\u00ebhen duke marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb t\u00eb dy faktor\u00ebt ky\u00e7, rritjen e pagave mesatare dhe inflacionin, n\u00eb raport 50 ndaj 50 p\u00ebr qind.<\/p>\n

ZVICRA – KRIZA PARAQET SFIDA EDHE P\u00cbR M\u00cb T\u00cb PASURIT:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7EK M\u00cb I VOG\u00cbL N\u00cb REFERENDUM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ndodh ajo q\u00eb para kriz\u00ebs ekonomike bot\u00ebrore ka qen\u00eb e paimagjinueshme: pensionist\u00ebt t\u00eb hasin n\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje edhe n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr. Por, Zvicra \u00ebsht\u00eb \u2013 Zvic\u00ebr, andaj p\u00ebr propozimin e qeveris\u00eb fjal\u00ebn e fundit do ta thon\u00eb ata p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja, pensionist\u00ebt edhe ata q\u00eb, m\u00eb her\u00ebt apo m\u00eb von\u00eb, por n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme nj\u00eb dit\u00eb do ta arrijn\u00eb, n\u00eb referendumin e caktuar m\u00eb 7 mars t\u00eb vitit 2010. Shkas \u00ebsht\u00eb propozimi p\u00ebr ndryshimin e formul\u00ebs sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs kalkulohen pensionet, gjithsesi n\u00eb pajtim me trendin bot\u00ebror, n\u00eb llogari t\u00eb pensionist\u00ebve .<\/p>\n

Dy faktor, p\u00ebrndryshe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb \u2013 t\u00eb hyrat e reduktuara n\u00eb fondet pensionale dhe rritja e numrit t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuesve t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \u201cplakjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb demografike, kan\u00eb kontribuar, si\u00e7 pohon qeveria, n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur q\u00eb t\u00eb reduktohet e ashtuquajtura shkall\u00eb e konversionit, p\u00ebrqindje e pagesave mujore e pensionist\u00ebve n\u00eb raport t\u00eb v\u00ebllimit t\u00eb mjeteve t\u00eb cilat gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs aktive t\u00eb pun\u00ebs kan\u00eb ndar\u00eb p\u00ebr dit\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra n\u00eb fondet pensionale. Deri tash ka qen\u00eb 7,5 p\u00ebr qind p\u00ebr burrat dhe 7 p\u00ebr qind p\u00ebr grat\u00eb (diskriminim i t\u00ebr\u00ebsish\u00ebm q\u00eb ekziston n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shtet t\u00eb pasur).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull praktik do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se dikush q\u00eb n\u00eb fondin e vet pensional ka investuar miliona franga, kur t\u00eb shkoj n\u00eb pension, derisa \u00ebsht\u00eb gjall\u00eb, ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaq t\u00eb hyrat prej 70 mij\u00eb frangave n\u00eb vit. Sipas propozimit t\u00eb ri, nga fillimi i dhjetorit vitin e kaluar, ky investim do t\u00eb reduktohej n\u00eb 64 mij\u00eb franga. Dhe \u00e7ka n\u00ebse n\u00eb referendumin n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr kjo refuzohet, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme, edhe pse nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e garantuar? N\u00eb at\u00eb rast, ka komentuar ministresha e ekonomis\u00eb Doris Leutar, do t\u00eb ishte rrezikuar ajo q\u00eb ka dometh\u00ebnie t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bashk\u00ebkomb\u00ebsit prej 7,5 milion njer\u00ebzve \u2013 p\u00ebrparimi ekonomik n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

Fushata ve\u00e7 m\u00eb ka filluar dhe ka mjaft koh\u00eb p\u00ebr njoftimin e t\u00eb gjitha argumenteve \u2013 dhe ballafaqim me t\u00eb gjitha realitetet. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e atij realiteti \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe numri i rritur i pensionist\u00ebve. N\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr periudha aktive e pun\u00ebs mbaron me 65 vjet p\u00ebr burrat dhe 64 p\u00ebr grat\u00eb, deri sa p\u00ebr shum\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb pensioneve burrat duhet t\u00eb punojn\u00eb 44 vjet, nd\u00ebrsa grat\u00eb nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb pak. Sot m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr se 65 vjet ka 25,9 zviceran, nd\u00ebrsa ata q\u00eb sot pensionohen mund t\u00eb n\u00ebnvizohen n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn statistikore prej 85,3 viteve. Kriza ekonomike bot\u00ebrore ka sulmuar jo vet\u00ebm shtyll\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb sistemit pensional zviceran, por edhe at\u00eb shtet\u00ebrorin nga i cili n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi varen 2,1 milion pensionist (tre p\u00ebrqind m\u00eb shum\u00eb se vitin e kaluar), por edhe tjer\u00ebt. Gjasht\u00eb nga dhjet\u00eb fonde pensionale private jan\u00eb n\u00eb minus, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb dala se sa t\u00eb hyra. Shprehur n\u00eb franga, gjendja financiare \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuar p\u00ebr 22 miliard\u00eb (14,5 miliard\u00eb euro).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fondet pensionale private zvicerane rrotullohen rreth 450 miliard\u00eb euro, nd\u00ebrsa gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj krize ata kan\u00eb humbur rreth kat\u00ebr p\u00ebrqind nga vlera e vet, q\u00eb arrin rreth 18 miliard\u00eb. Humbja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe, para s\u00eb gjithash p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rregullave t\u00eb atjeshme strikte p\u00ebr at\u00eb se si fondet mund t\u2019i shp\u00ebrndajn\u00eb investimet me t\u00eb cilat \u00e7ift\u00ebzohen. Sipas atyre rregullave, n\u00eb letra t\u00eb huaja me vler\u00eb mund t\u00eb investohen m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti deri 30 p\u00ebrqind nga totali i portofolios, 30 p\u00ebrqind n\u00eb aksione dhe 20 p\u00ebrqind n\u00eb bono n\u00eb valut\u00eb. Lajm inkurajues \u00ebsht\u00eb se tri t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtat e para soll\u00ebn p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00eb hyrave nga ato fonde, madje edhe p\u00ebr rreth dhjet\u00eb p\u00ebrqind, q\u00eb nuk ka sjell\u00eb deri tek stabilizimi i tyre komplet.<\/p>\n

Se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb pensionist edhe n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr d\u00ebshmon edhe e dh\u00ebna se rreth 45.000 pensionist t\u00eb atjesh\u00ebm jan\u00eb n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb \u00eb varf\u00ebr, q\u00eb jan\u00eb rreth tre p\u00ebrqind nga banor\u00ebt e vjet\u00ebr. Po t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb ndihma shtet\u00ebrore, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kategori do t\u00eb gjendej \u00e7do i teti zviceran m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr se 60 vjet. Zvicra ka shum\u00eb shpenzime t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr jetes\u00eb n\u00eb krah\u00ebsim me vendet tjera t\u00eb Bashkimit evropian, n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje me t\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb nivel i lart\u00eb i pagave. Gjithsesi, n\u00ebnkuptohet se ata paga duhet meritohen. T\u00eb ardhurat mesatare atje jan\u00eb p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht 6.000 euro n\u00eb muaj, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrmbledh pagat, t\u00eb hyrat nga interesi i pron\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb ngjashme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

RUMANIA – PARA REFORM\u00cbS S\u00cb SISTEMIT PENSIONAL N\u00cb RADH\u00cb JAN\u00cb SHUM\u00cb PROBLEME Nd\u00ebr ata shtete t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb ballafaquar me kriz\u00ebn pensionale dhe t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj duhet q\u00eb urgjentisht t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb di\u00e7ka, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Rumania. Ndoshta Rumun\u00ebt akoma do t\u00eb vazhdonin me t\u00eb vjetr\u00ebn, duke thelluar humner\u00ebn nd\u00ebrmjet asaj q\u00eb vjen n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/988"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":989,"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/988\/revisions\/989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.piom.com.mk\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}